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The many-banded krait, Bungarus multicinctus, has been recorded as the animal resource of JinQianBaiHuaShe in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Characterization of its venoms classified chief phyla of modern animal neurotoxins. However, the evolutionary origin and diversification of its neurotoxins as well as biosynthesis of its active compounds remain largely unknown due to the lack of its high-quality genome. Here, we present the 1.58 Gbp genome of B. multicinctus assembled into 18 chromosomes with contig/scaffold N50 of 7.53 Mbp/149.8 Mbp. Major bungarotoxin-coding genes were clustered within genome by family and found to be associated with ancient local duplications. The truncation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor in the 3'-terminal of a LY6E paralog released modern three-finger toxins (3FTxs) from membrane tethering before the Colubroidea divergence. Subsequent expansion and mutations diversified and recruited these 3FTxs. After the cobra/krait divergence, the modern unit-B of β-bungarotoxin emerged with an extra cysteine residue. A subsequent point substitution in unit-A enabled the β-bungarotoxin covalent linkage. The B. multicinctus gene expression, chromatin topological organization, and histone modification characteristics were featured by transcriptome, proteome, chromatin conformation capture sequencing, and ChIP-seq. The results highlighted that venom production was under a sophisticated regulation. Our findings provide new insights into snake neurotoxin research, meanwhile will facilitate antivenom development, toxin-driven drug discovery and the quality control of JinQianBaiHuaShe.
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Objective:To study the antibacterial properties and in vivo and vitro biocompatibility of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings, and to evaluate their wound healing promoting effect through clinical application.Methods:We evaluated the comprehensive antibacterial performance of dressings in vitro using plate counting method; After co culturing the extract of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings with epidermal cells (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (NIH-3T3), their in-vitro biocompatibility was determined through the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test; Further, Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing was applied to the wound surface of diabetes mice to test the biocompatibility of the material in vivo; Through a prospective randomized controlled trial, 50 burn and trauma patients admitted to the Burn and Plastic Surgery Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were selected and divided into an observation group of 25 patients and a control group of 25 patients. The observation group was treated with Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing, and the control group was treated with silver nanoparticle antibacterial dressing. The wound healing time and wound treatment effect of the two groups were compared.Results:The Cu 2+ release concentration of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was 1.3 μ g/ml, which had the effect of promoting the proliferation of HaCaT and NIH-3T3 cells (all P<0.05). The antibacterial rate of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing against pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus reached 100%. The wound healing rate [(87.39±1.83)%] of diabetes mice treated with Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing was significantly higher than that of the control group [(58.66±3.54)%, P<0.05]. The inflammatory response of the wound tissue was relatively mild and the wound margin matrix was intact. The wound healing time of 25 patients treated with Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing [(23.52±10.02)d] was shorter than that of the control group [(40.84±21.22)d] ( t=17.159, P<0.001), and the overall treatment response rate of patients (96%) was significantly higher than that of the control group patients (64%) (χ 2=8.472, P=0.015). Conclusions:Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings have good antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, and have significant therapeutic effects on promoting wound healing. They not only effectively promote wound healing but also exert anti infection effects, and are expected to be a new type of wound repair dressing.
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Objective:To investigate the regulatory role of defferentially expressed LOC107987438 in the pathogenesis of depressive disorder and provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application in depressive disorder.Methods:Differential expression of LOC107987438 was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)in peripheral blood monocular cells(PBMCs)of 60 patients with depressive disorder and 60 health controls. In addition, its diagnostic value was assessed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves. Based on the ceRNA mechanism of lncRNA, the miRDB database was applied to predict the target miRNAs of LOC107987438, and the miRNAs with target score ≥ 80 among them were screened out.The screened miRNAs were then used to predict their potential target mRNAs through four databases which were TargetScan 8.0, miRTarBase, mirDIP and miRPathDB. Moreover, the predicted target mRNAs were annotated for gene ontology(GO)function annotation and tokoyo encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis via ClusterProfiler 4.0.5 package of R 4.1.1. Finally, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING 11.5 platform to retrieve the interacting genes.Results:The qRT-PCR results showed that normalized expression of LOC107987438 in PBMCs of patients with depressive disorder was higher than that in health controls(depressive disorder: 2.084±1.357, health controls: 1.000±0.660, P<0.001). The ROC curve results showed that the area under curves(AUC)of LOC107987438 was 0.759(95% CI: 0.675-0.842, P<0.05), indicating its high potential diagnostic value. Bioinformatics analysis showed that hsa-miR-4670-3p, hsa-miR-619-3p, hsa-miR-6721-5p and hsa-miR-297 were the miRNAs with high bindings to LOC107987438. The results of KEGG signaling pathway enrichment revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1)signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT(PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway and erythroblastic oncogene B(ErbB) signaling pathway were closely associated with depressive disorder. Among the top ten key genes screened by the protein-protein interaction network, kirsten rats arcomaviral oncogene homolog(KRAS), androgen receptor(AR), cyclic-AMP response binding protein1(CREB1), insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B(CDKN1B) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type Ⅱ alpha(CAMK2A)were strongly associated with depressive disorder. Conclusion:The establishment of ceRNA regulatory network of LOC107987438 provides a theoretical basis for exploring the pathophysiology of depressive disorders.
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This study deeply explores the cause of high incidence of PHE-associated psychological crisis in college students, and advocates the teaching management staffs to take full advantage of the present information technology on college students' psychological assessment, daily psychological education, and related information collection, with the current college information construction platforms. The aim is to build an early warning and intervention mechanism that is susceptible to college students' psychological crisis, and to better protect the mental health of college students.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship among mobile phone dependence, sleep quality and creativity in college students and the role of sleep quality in mediating the relationship between mobile phone dependence and creativity.Methods:A simple random sampling method was used to select 2 976 undergraduate students from four universities in Heilongjiang province.The mobile phone dependence index scale, the self-rating sleep status scale and the Williams creativity tendency measure were used to assess all college students.The descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson correlation analysis in SPSS 26.0 statistical software, and the PROCESS 2.16.3 macro program was used to test the mediating effect of sleep quality.Results:(1)The total scores of creativity was (107.52±11.25), mobile phone dependence was (43.17±13.23) and sleep quality was (21.08±6.15) in college students.(2)Mobile phone dependence was significantly positively correlated with sleep quality( r=0.412, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with creativity ( r=-0.293, P<0.01). Sleep quality was significantly negatively related with creativity ( r=-0.294, P<0.01). (3)Sleep quality partly mediated the relationship between mobile phone dependence and creativity, the direct effect (effect value=-0.216) and mediating effect (effect value=-0.062) accounted for 77.7% and 22.3% of the total effect (effect value=-0.278), respectively. Conclusion:Sleep quality plays a partly mediating role in the relationship between mobile phone dependence and college students' creativity. Mobile phone dependence can not only directly predict college students' creativity, but also indirectly predict college students' creativity through sleep quality.
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Objective:To explore the predictive values of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in donor sera and lavage fluid on delayed graft function (DGF) in donation after circulatory death (DCD) kidney transplant recipients.Methods:A total of 33 eligible kidney donors and 33 corresponding recipients were recruited. Preoperative serum and renal perfusion fluid samples of donors were collected to determine the levels of TIMP-2 and IGFBP7. Patients were grouped according to whether DGF occurred after kidney transplantation and measured indicators analyzed. Independent sample t test was utilized for comparing the groups with normal distribution measurement data. And χ2 test was employed for comparing the groups with normal distribution counting data and Mann-Whitney test for comparing the groups with non-normal distribution measurement data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used for evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of indicators. Results:In donor-DGF group, lavage fluid TIMP-2, product of lavage fluid TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 (TIMP-2×IGFBP7), serum IGFBP7 and product of serum TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 (TIMP-2×IGFBP7) were higher than those in donor-non-DGF group ( P<0.05). The AUC of TIMP-2, TIMP-2×IGFBP7, serum IGFBP7 and serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7 in the diagnosis of DGF were 0.753 (95%CI 0.546~0.959), 0.747 (95%CI 0.510~0.984), 0.824 (95%CI 0.615~1.000) and 0.852 (95%CI 0.660~1.000) respectively. Conclusions:Donor serum IGFBP7, donor serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7, lavage fluid TIMP-2 and lavage fluid TIMP-2×IGFBP7 may be used for predicting the occurrence of early DGF after kidney transplantation. Among them, serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7 has the highest diagnostic efficiency and may be an excellent predictor of DGF occurrence.
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OBJECTIVE：To analyze the metabolites of tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside （THSG）and speculate its metabolism pathway in rats. METHODS ：Male SD rats were randomly divided into plasma group （n＝3），urine group （n＝3），bile group （n＝3），and tissue group （n＝9）. Each group was given single dose of THSG 200 mg/kg intragastrically. Plasma samples 10，30 min and 1，1.5，2，4 h after medication ，the unrine 0-6 h after medication ，the bile 0-4 h after medication ，the tissue of heart ， liver，spleen，lung，kidney and stomach 30 min and 1，2 h after medication （3 at each time point ）were collected respectively.After precipitated with methanol ，the metabolites of samples were analyzed and identified by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS and mass loss filtration （MDF）. Its metabolism pathway was speculated. RESULTS：In the blood ，urine，bile，heart，liver，spleen， lung，kidney，stomach samples ，6，7，11，1，5，1，3，4，4 metabolites were detected ，including two phase Ⅰ（hydrolysis， hydrogenation and hydroxylation ）metabolites，18 phase Ⅱ（glucuronic acid binding and sulfation ）metabolites. There were 12 glucuronic acid binding products. CONCLUSIONS：Most of the metabolites of THSG are found in bile ，mainly glucuronic acid binding products of phase Ⅱ metabolite THSG ； main metabolic pathways involve glucose hydrolysis ， hydrogenation， hydroxylation，glucuronic acid binding and sulfation.
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Objective:To explore the imaging changes of lung lesions in patients with imported COVID-19 when reaching the discharge standard.Methods:The clinical and CT imaging data of 60 cured patients with imported COVID-19 and discharged from January to February 2020 in Anhui Province were retrospectively collected. At the initial diagnosis, 5 cases were mild, 53 were ordinary, and 2 were severe. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the characteristics of chest CT images at discharge were analyzed.Results:Fever (57 cases) and cough (55 cases) were the main symptoms in 60 patients. In 5 mild patients, 3 cases were negative in the whole course of CT examination, 2 cases were negative in the first time and abnormal in the second time. The first CT imaging features of 55 patients (53 common type and 2 severe type) were mainly bilateral lung involvement (51 cases), multiple lesions (33 cases), more common under the pleura (40 cases), and ground glass opacities were the most common (55 cases). The features of chest CT in clinical outcomes were that the ground glass shadow in the lung gradually faded and was completely absorbed (19 cases); the scope of ground glass shadow in the lung expanded and progressed to crazy-paving, consolidation shadow, and the lesion gradually absorbed again followed by fibrous cord shadows (27 cases); ground-glass opacities in the lungs quickly progressed to a consolidation and then slowly absorbed. Most of the lesions were accompanied by more residual fibrous cord shadows (4 cases). In 2 severe patients, the lesions in the lungs were larger ground glass, and a large amount of fibrous foci remained after slow absorption.Conclusions:Chest CT plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of imported COVID-19, and the degree of lung involvement seen on CT images is in good agreement with clinical outcome.
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Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate different root canal obturation techniques on apical sealing ability of iRoot SP.Methods:Thirty-six single root mandibular premolar were collected. The root canals were mechanically instrumented with ProTaper rotary files to F3. The prepared samples were randomly divided into four experimental groups ( n=8) for root canal filling. The remaining four teeth were classified as a negative group ( n=2) and a positive control group ( n=2) respectively. The canals in the four experimental groups were obturated with gutta-percha and (or) iRoot SP, by either cold lateral compaction technique (CLC), continuous wave condensation technique (CWC), single-core technique (SC) or Sealer only backfill technique (SOB) respectively. The samples were then placed in a 37 ℃ water bath for 7 days to allow completely harden. All samples of experimental groups were sealed with nail polish except 1 mm from the apex and negative control group was fully enclosed while positive control group was fully open, then all root tips were immersed in 0.1% methylene blue solution for 7 days, then cut along the long axis of the tooth on a low-speed microtome, observed under a microscope (X10) and photographed. The software of image J was used to measure the apical leakage. Results:Apical microleakage were present in all filling techniques. SC technology showed higher apical leakage [(5.02±2.23)mm], while CWC showed lower [(3.59±1.76)mm], but there were no statistical difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:All filling techniques can not completely seal the root apical, SOB technology has the similar apical sealing performance as other techniques.
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Objective:To obtain differential expression profiles of circRNAs and miRNAs in peripheral blood of female patients with major depressive disorder based on high-throughput sequencing technology, and then construct an interaction network.Based on the outcome, it made a further exploration of the possible occurrence and development mechanisms of female major depressive disorder through functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis.Methods:According to the ceRNA theory, circRNA-miRNA network was constructed by TargetScan software via predicting the binding sites.Subsequently, the GO functional enrichment analysis was performed, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were utlized to illustrate the target genes of co-expressed miRNAs.Thereby, the key genes related to major depressive disorder could be screened out.Results:A total of 724 differential circRNAs and 26 differential miRNAs were detected in female patients with major depressive disorder.And hsa_circ_0086092 and hsa-miR-146a-3p were the most co-expressed.Go functional annotations pointed out that it involved the regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process, regulation of RNA splicing, regulation of cell communication, amino acid transfer, regulation of RNA metabolic process, regulation of signaling and other biological processes.KEGG pathway analysis showed that target genes were mainly enriched in neurotrophin signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, cocaine addiction, mTOR signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, etcetera.Among the predicted target genes, BDNF, FGF2, MAPK14, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRM2 and PDE4 have the highest correlation with major depressive disorder.Conclusion:Hsa_circ_0086092 may be involved in the occurrence and development of female major depressive disorder through interaction with hsa-miR-146a-3p.
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Objective:To screen the circRNAs with differential expression between female patients with major depressive disorder and healthy women, and to explore the circRNAs that might be associated with depressive disorder through bioinformatics analysis.Methods:Using high-throughput sequencing screen differentially expressed circRNAs of female major depressive disorder patients, |log 2FC|≥1 and FDR<0.05 were used to determine whether circRNA had a difference in expression.According to the miRNA sponges function of circRNA, the online databases were used to predict miRNAs which may be targeted by circRNAs, and miRNAs related target genes were also predicted by the five most different circRNA.GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were used to predict biological processes for the target genes and signaling pathways.Based on the results of high-throughput sequencing, biological processes and signaling pathways related to depression, circRNAs related to depression were screened. Results:Thirteen targeted miRNAs were predicted by the five most different circRNAs(hsa_circ_0020959, hsa_circ_0005959, hsa_circ_0033064, hsa_circ_0006862, hsa_circ_0027732), and multiple biological processes and signaling pathways related to depressive disorders were predicted by the target genes, such as glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway, interleukin-7 response, nervous system development, Wnt signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, neurotrophin signaling pathway, and so on.Conclusion:All the 5 circRNAs enriched biological processes or signaling pathways related to depressive disorder, among which hsa_circ_0005959, hsa_circ_0033064, hsa_circ_0006862 and hsa_circ_0027732 may be more closely related to female major depressive disorder.
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Objective:To investigate the status of depression and physiological, psychological and social factors among people with type 2 diabetes(T2DM), as well as the mediating effects of illness perception and diabetes distress on glycemic control and depression.Methods:A total of 511 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited and investigated using general demographic questionnaire, self-rating depression scale(SDS), brief illness perception questionnaire(BIPQ) and diabetes distress scale(DDS). Body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c) were detected in laboratory.Results:The mean score of SDS was (57.48±9.94). The distribution of depression condition were 138(27.0%)without depression, 179(35%)with mild depression, 174(34.1%)with moderate depression and 20(3.9%)with severe depression.SDS score was significantly positively correlated with poor glycemic control ( r=0.157, P<0.01), illness perception( r=0.359, P<0.01) and four dimensions of diabetes distress( r=0.177-0.354, P<0.01). Partially mediating effect of illness perception( B=0.216, 95% CI=0.112-0.372) was found in glycemic control and depression, the proportion of effect was 25.9%.The chain mediating effect ( B=0.086, 95% CI=0.042-0.149) of illness perception and diabetes distress was also found between glycemic control and depression, whose indirect effect size was 10.3%. Conclusion:Glycemic control is significantly related with depression.Illness perception and diabetes distress are partly mediating the effect between glycemic control and depression.
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Objective@#To explore the imaging changes of lung lesions in patients with imported COVID-19 patients when reaching the discharge standard.@*Method@#The clinical and CT imaging data of 60 patients with imported COVID-19 cured and discharged from January to February 2020 in Anhui Province were retrospectively collected. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the characteristics of chest CT images at discharge were analyzed.@*Results@#Fever (57 cases) and cough (55 cases) were the main symptoms in 60 patients. At the initial diagnosis, 5 cases were mild, 53 were ordinary, and 2 were severe. In 5 light patients, 3 cases were negative in the whole course of CT examination, 2 cases were negative in the first time and abnormal in the second time. . The first CT imaging features of 55 patients (53 common type and 2 severe type)were mainly bilateral lung involvement (51 cases), multiple lesions (33 cases), more common under the pleura (40 cases), and ground glass opacities were the most common. (55 cases). The clinical features of chest CT in clinical outcomes are that the ground glass shadow in the lung gradually fades and was completely absorbed (19 cases); the scope of ground glass shadow in the lung expanded and progressed to crazy-paving, consolidation shadow, and the lesion gradually absorbs again followed by Fibrous cord shadows (27 cases); ground-glass opacities in the lungs quickly progressed to a consolidation and then slowly absorbed . Most of the lesions were accompanied by more residual fibrous cord shadows (4 cases). In 2 severe patients, the lesions in the lungs were larger ground glass, and a big amount of fibrous foci remained after slowly absorption.@*Conclusion@#Chest CT plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of imported COVID-19, and the degree of lung involvement seen on CT images is in good agreement with clinical outcome.
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OBJECTIVE：To establ ish the fingerprint of Sojae Semen Nigrum and content determination method of 5 kinds of isoflavones，so as to provide reference for controlling its quality better. METHODS ：HPLC method was adopted to establish the fingerprint and detect the contents of 5 kinds of isoflavones. The determination was performed on Phenomenex C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.12％ formic acid solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 260 nm；the column temperature was 30 ℃ and sample size was 10 μL. Using daidzin as reference，HPLC fingerprints of 12 batches of samples were determined. The similarity of 12 batches of samples was evaluated by TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System （2012A） to confirm common peak. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed by using SPSS 20.0 software and SIMCA 13.0 software. RESULTS ：There were 19 common peaks in HPLC fingerprints of 12 batches of samples ，the similarity of which was higher than 0.94. Totally 5 components were identified，such as daidzin ，glycitin，genistin，daidzein，genistein. Cluster analysis showed that 12 batches of Sojae Semen Nigrum were clustered into 2 categories，i.e. S 1-S3 clustered into one category ，and S 4-S12 clustered into the other category. By principal component analysis ，the contribution rates of two principle components were 53.261％ and 40.715％；accumulative contribution rate was 93.976％. The linear range of above 5 components were 5.97-191.00 µg/mL（r＝0.999 9），1.05-33.46 µg/mL（r＝0.999 9）， 8.93-285.61 µg/mL（r＝0.999 5），0.82-26.33 µg/mL（r＝0.999 9），0.93-29.64 µg/mL（r＝0.999 7），respectively. The limits of quantitation were 0.881 1，0.611 6，0.078 6，0.243 3，0.511 6 μg/mL，respectively. The limits of detection were 0.264 3，0.244 7， 0.021 4，0.124 8，0.106 7 μg/mL，respectively. RSDs of precision ，stability，reproducibility and durability tests were all lower than 5％. Recoveries were 95.15％-96.56％（RSD＝0.51％，n＝6），98.52％-103.45％（RSD＝1.88％，n＝6），95.37％-97.91％ （RSD＝0.95％，n＝6），99.75％-102.00％（RSD＝0.78％，n＝6），100.26％-103.65％（RSD＝1.21％，n＝6）. Among 12 batches of Sojae Semen Nigrum ，the contents of above 5 components were 0.178 3-0.265 9，0.021 7-0.096 2，0.288 5-0.597 2，0.014 1- 0.058 8，0.012 9-0.082 9 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS ：Established HPLC fingerprint and content determination method of 5 kinds of isoflavones can be used for quality control of Sojea Semen Nigrum. The Isoflavone components are similar ，but the contents are different among Sojae Semen Nigrum from different producing areas.
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Objective@#To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of aspirin on endoplasmic reticulum stress in podocytes induced by hyperlipemia.@*Methods@#Cultured podocytes were divided into four groups: control group, aspirin (100 μg/ml) group, oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL, 100 μg/ml) group, aspirin+ox-LDL group. The expression of protein kinase R-1ike endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and CAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h were evaluated by real-time PCR. The related proteins of p-PERK and p-eIF2α at 24 h and ATF4 at 12 h were evaluated by Western blotting, respectively.@*Results@#The expressions of PERK, eIF2α peaked at 24 h, while ATF4 and CHOP peaked at 12 h in ox-LDL group and aspirin+ox-LDL group. Compared with control group, the expressions of PERK, eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP were significantly higher in ox-LDL group at each times (all P<0.05). Compared with ox-LDL group, the expressions of the above indicators were significantly lower in aspirin+ox-LDL group at each times (all P<0.05). At 24 h, compared with control group, the expressions of p-PERK and p-eIF2α were significantly higher in ox-LDL group (both P<0.05). Compared with ox-LDL group, the expressions of p-PERK and p-eIF2α were significantly lower in aspirin+ox-LDL group (both P<0.05). At 12 h, the expression of ATF4 protein in each group was similar to that of mRNA. There were no significant difference in the expressions of all indicators between aspirin group and control group.@*Conclusions@#Hyperlipidemia may cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in podocytes by inducing phosphorylation of PERK and eIF2α, activating ATF4 transcription and inducing high expression of CHOP. Aspirin may partially block the PERK pathway, which may have protective effects for podocytes.
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Objective:To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of aspirin on endoplasmic reticulum stress in podocytes induced by hyperlipemia.Methods:Cultured podocytes were divided into four groups: control group, aspirin (100 μg/ml) group, oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL, 100 μg/ml) group, aspirin+ox-LDL group. The expression of protein kinase R-1ike endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and CAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h were evaluated by real-time PCR. The related proteins of p-PERK and p-eIF2α at 24 h and ATF4 at 12 h were evaluated by Western blotting, respectively.Results:The expressions of PERK, eIF2α peaked at 24 h, while ATF4 and CHOP peaked at 12 h in ox-LDL group and aspirin+ox-LDL group. Compared with control group, the expressions of PERK, eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP were significantly higher in ox-LDL group at each times (all P<0.05). Compared with ox-LDL group, the expressions of the above indicators were significantly lower in aspirin+ox-LDL group at each times (all P<0.05). At 24 h, compared with control group, the expressions of p-PERK and p-eIF2α were significantly higher in ox-LDL group (both P<0.05). Compared with ox-LDL group, the expressions of p-PERK and p-eIF2α were significantly lower in aspirin+ox-LDL group (both P<0.05). At 12 h, the expression of ATF4 protein in each group was similar to that of mRNA. There were no significant difference in the expressions of all indicators between aspirin group and control group. Conclusions:Hyperlipidemia may cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in podocytes by inducing phosphorylation of PERK and eIF2α, activating ATF4 transcription and inducing high expression of CHOP. Aspirin may partially block the PERK pathway, which may have protective effects for podocytes.
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Objective To explore the relationship among peer relationship,self-consciousness and social anxiety in HIV-infected children. Methods Peer Relationship Scale,Piers-Harris Children's Self-con-cept Scale and Social Anxiety Scale for Children were applied to 126 HIV-infected children. Results The score of peer relationship was 53. 0(45. 0,62. 0),the score of self-concept was 52. 0(42. 0,60. 0),and the score of social anxiety was 6. 0(2. 0,9. 0). Peer relationship was positively correlated with social anxiety( r=0. 196,P=0. 029) and negatively correlated with self-consciousness(r=-0. 628,P<0. 01). Self-conscious-ness was negatively correlated with social anxiety(r=-0. 504,P<0. 01). Bootstrap analysis showed that self-consciousness played a complete mediating role between peer relationship and social anxiety,and the media-ting effect value was 0. 377. Conclusion Peer relationship,self-consciousness and social anxiety are closely related. Furthermore,self-consciousness plays a complete mediating role between peer relationship and social anxiety in HIV-infected children.
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Objective To examine arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for hemodialysis by CT angiography(CTA).Methods Sixty-nine patients with chronic renal failure were enrolled in this study. CTA was undertaken by 256-slice scanner. A total of 100 ml of iohexol was administered at a rate of 3 ml/s into a vein of contralateral limb or external jugular vein.Imaging commenced after a delay of 25-30 s and 86 times imaging were performed. Results The AVF were clearly displayed on CTA. Eight CTA were normal. Twenty-five CTA showed stoma stenosis. Forty-two CTA showed venous stenosis. Ten CTA showed stoma stenosis combined with venous stenosis. Only one CTA showed artery stenosis. Conclusions CTA can reveal the AVF safely and correctly,which might help to find abnormality of AVF and direct treatment .
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Objective To verify the interaction between single nucleotide polymorphism of trypto-phan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) (rs4570625,rs11178997,rs120074175) and negative life events and the asso-ciation with major depressive disorder (MDD) in a Chinese population.Methods Totally 300 cases of pa-tients with major depressive disorder and 300 healthy controls in northern China were enrolled and the ge-nomic DNA were extracted. PCR was used to detect the polymorphisms of rs4570625, rs11178997, rs120074175.Questionnaire survey was conducted on the case group and the control group.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the frequency distribution of alleles and genotype between two groups. The generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction ( GMDR) method was used to analyze the interaction between gene and environment.Binary logistic regression was used to verify the optimal model.Results After adjusting the factors of sex and age,the GMDR analysis showed rs4570625,rs11178997,rs120074175 and negative life events were the optimal model.In this model, the testing balanced accuracy was 0.7838 and cross-validation consistency value was 10/10.There was statistically significant effect on the risk of major de-pressive disorder ( P ＝ 0.001 ). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that individuals, who had rs11178997 A+ genotype (AA,AT),rs120074175 A+genotype (AA,AG) and negative life events,had sig-nificant OR values of 24.307(95%CI＝13.007-45.427) and 38.2502(95%CI＝1.148-69.181),showing a higher risk of depression.Conclusion The interaction between TPH2 gene (rs11178997,rs120074175) and negative life events plays an important role in depression.
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Objective To investigate the CT features of clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC)and angiomyolipoma with minimal fat (AMLmf)and to improve the CT diagnostic accuracy of these two diseases.Methods The CT features of 55 patients with pathologically-confirmed ccRCC and 1 2 patients with pathologically-confirmed AMLmf were analyzed retrospectively,including the CT value in both plain and tri-phase enhanced CT scan,tumor enhancement rate(△R1,△R2,△R3),maximum diameter,enhanced homogeneity,location of the main tumor,cortex raising signs,etc.The statistical analysis was carried on.Results The maximum diameter,the CT value in parenchymal phase,enhancement rate (△R1,△R2,△R3)of tumors in ccRCC group were significantly higher than those of tumors in AMLmf group,and the CT value in plain CT scan in ccRCC group was significantly lower than that in AMLmf group (all P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found in the CT value of the tumor in corticomedullary phase and in excretion phase (both P>0.05).The rate of extrarenally-located main tumors of AMLmf group was significantly higher than that of ccRCC group (P=0.020),the location of main tumors and cortex raising signs showed no statistically significant difference with the maximum tumor diameter(both P>0.05).The enhanced homogeneity of the tumor in corticomedullary phase,parenchymal phase and excretion phase in ccRCC group was lower than that in AMLmf group (all P<0.05).Conclusion The CT value in plain CT scan in ccRCC group is lower than that in AMLmf group;the enhancement rate of the ccRCC group is higher than that of the AMLmf group;the enhanced homogeneity of the ccRCC group is worse than that of the AMLmf group.The extrarenally-located main tumors are more commonly seen in AMLmf than in ccRCC,and the cortex raising signs and the location of main tumors are unrelated to the size of the tumor.